![]() ), it is noteworthy that chemical, analytical or pharmacological data related to 1-propionyl-LSD appear to be absent from the literature.īecause of the difficulty associated with studying hallucinogens in humans, animal behavioral models are often used to investigate the pharmacology of hallucinogenic drugs. Although an assortment of LSD derivatives substituted at the 1-position have been described (e.g. In response to those legal restrictions, 1-propionyl-LSD ( Figure 1), also known as 1P-LSD, became available as a “research chemical” either as powdered material or on blotters. Recent changes in UK legislation, however, precluded the open sale of several lysergamides, including ALD-52, LSZ and AL-LAD. ) and it was found to be psychoactive in humans but it is not clear whether ALD-52 was also sold in the UK. Synthesis of ALD-52 was first reported in 1957 (e.g. Another closely related derivative with modification at the indole nitrogen is 1-acetyl-LSD (ALD-52) ( Figure 1). For example, lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LSZ) and N 6-allyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (AL-LAD) are two lysergamide derivatives with LSD-like effects in animals that originated from academic research and have been available for purchase in powdered and blotter form. In recent years, several lysergamide derivatives have been distributed as new psychoactive substances or “research chemicals” in the UK and Europe. ) but the extent to which these show psychoactive properties in humans is not always clear. Ī range of lysergamide derivatives have been prepared to explore their molecular pharmacology (e.g. Importantly, although most clinical work with LSD ceased in the late 1960s, human trials have cautiously resumed during the last few years. Reports have been published indicating LSD may possess therapeutic efficacy in patients suffering from disorders such as anxiety, alcoholism, cluster headaches, and autism, but unfortunately most of this evidence is anecdotal in nature or confounded by methodological shortcomings. Nevertheless, the extent to which 1P-LSD might show psychoactive effects in humans similar to LSD remains to be investigated.Ĭhemical structures of lysergamides d-LSD, 1- d-acetyl-LSD (ALD-52) and 1-propionyl- d-LSD (1P-LSD). These results indicate that 1P-LSD produces LSD-like effects in mice, consistent with its classification as a serotonergic hallucinogen. Furthermore, the HTR was abolished when 1P-LSD administration followed pre-treatment with the selective 5-HT 2A receptor antagonist M100907 (0.1 mg/kg, SC), which confirms that the behavioral response is mediated by activation of the 5-HT 2A receptor. It was found that 1P-LSD produced a dose-dependent increase in HTR counts, and that it had ~38% (ED 50 = 349.6 nmol/kg) of the potency of LSD (ED 50 = 132.8 nmol/kg). In order to assess whether 1P-LSD displays LSD-like properties and activates the 5-HT 2A receptor, male C57BL/6J mice were injected with vehicle (saline) or 1P-LSD (0.025–0.8 mg/kg, IP) and HTR assessed for 30 min using magnetometer coil recordings. An important feature common to LSD and other serotonergic hallucinogens is that they produce 5-HT 2A-receptor activation and induce the head-twitch response (HTR) in rats and mice. ![]() This study describes the characterization of 1P-LSD in comparison with LSD using various chromatographic, mass spectrometric methods and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This non-controlled derivative of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has previously not been described in the published literature despite being closely related to 1-acetyl-LSD (ALD-52), which was developed in the 1950s. San Francisco collector Mark McCloud founded the Institute of Illegal Images, which includes over 33,000 sheets of blotter art.1-Propionyl- d-lysergic acid diethylamide hemitartrate (1P-LSD) has become available as a ‘research chemical’ in form of blotters and powdered material. Cartoon characters were often exhibited, and many examples contain religious and mystical imagery or pay homage to figures in the psychedelia subculture.īlotter art has been exhibited at art galleries and undipped blotter is often sold online. Blotter art also appears on blotter paper carrying other potent substances, and on undipped (drug-free) sheets.īlotter art frequently incorporates themes common to psychedelic art, using bright, contrasting colors and repeating patterns in its designs. Individual pieces, separated along the perforations, were sold as "hits", with a carefully calculated dosage in micrograms, so users could plan the intensity of their "trip". Images may be of various sizes but sheets are often 7.5-inch (190 mm)-square and perforated into a 30 by 30 grid. Art form on the medium of LSD blotter paper A 5×5 square of blotter art with a theme commemorating LSD discoverer Albert Hofmann's fateful "Bicycle Day" in 1943
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |